فاس نيوز ميديا جريدة الكترونية جهوية تعنى بشؤون و أخبار جهة فاس مكناس – متجددة على مدار الساعة
In the heart of Taza, one of the historic cities in the Fès-Meknès region, lies a testament to the architectural mastery of the Almohad dynasty: a defensive tunnel connecting the Upper Kasbah ( Taza Oulya) to Bab Er-Rih. Believed to have been constructed in the 6th century Hijri (12th century AD), this tunnel reflects the advanced military strategy of the Almohads and symbolizes their defensive tactics during wars and sieges. Rediscovered in the mid-20th century, the tunnel has re-emerged as one of Taza’s archaeological treasures, highlighting the city’s importance in Moroccan history.
Tunnel Details and Historical Role
The defensive tunnel was designed to secure a secret passageway for soldiers and ammunition between the Upper Kasbah and Bab Er-Rih, one of the city’s main gates, ensuring supply continuity during sieges. Historians note its strategic role during the reign of Abd al-Mu’min ibn Ali al-Kumi, founder of the Almohad state (1130-1163 AD), who made Taza a key military and political base in his campaign to unify Morocco and defeat the Almoravids. The city’s mountainous location made it a strong defensive point, with the tunnel serving as a means to surprise enemies, notably during the conquest of Fès in 1147 AD.
Rediscovery and Historical Records
The tunnel remained unknown until the mid-20th century when it was accidentally found during restoration works in the old city. French Protectorate archives from 1933 described it as a “secret military passage,” confirming its use during times of unrest. These rare references, along with local oral histories, underscore its importance as part of Taza’s Almohad fortifications—a period marked by significant advances in military and civil engineering.
Current Condition and Challenges
Part of the tunnel still exists beneath the old city, but other sections have been damaged by time and urban expansion. The site is currently closed to visitors for safety reasons and suffers from a lack of comprehensive archaeological documentation, necessitating urgent intervention to preserve this heritage. Future restoration efforts, as indicated by reports, could help revive this historic landmark as part of Morocco’s cultural tourism development strategy.
Cultural and Touristic Significance
The tunnel is a unique example of Islamic military engineering in Morocco, comparable to defensive tunnels in Fès and Marrakech. It is also linked to the Almohad legacy, which left important architectural and military landmarks such as the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque and the fortifications of Jbel Araich. Documenting and restoring the tunnel could enhance Taza’s status as a cultural and tourist destination, especially amid growing interest in Morocco’s historic sites.
Summary Table of Taza Defensive Tunnel
| Period | Event | Source | Current Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12th Century AD | Almohad construction of the tunnel | Local historical accounts | Partially existing, unexplored |
| 1933 | Description in Protectorate archives | French Protectorate archives | Secret military passage |
| Mid-20th Century | Rediscovery during restoration | Local restoration reports | Damaged sections, closed |
| 2025 | Renewed interest and preservation | Recent news articles | Needs archaeological study |
Recommendations
To preserve this site, geophysical surveys and archaeological excavations are recommended to accurately determine its dimensions and condition. It should be integrated into national restoration projects supported by the Ministry of Culture, with supervised public access to ensure preservation and enhance Taza’s touristic value.
Conclusion
The Taza defensive tunnel stands as a living witness to Almohad ingenuity and the city’s strategic historical role. With increasing attention to cultural heritage, this tunnel could become a symbol of Morocco’s military legacy, boosting Taza’s prominence on the tourist map. For updates, it is advisable to consult reports from the Ministry of Culture or the Rabat archives.
